Kakaretso
Batho ba bangata baa tseba hore tšilafalo ea moea e ka ntle e ka ama bophelo ba bona, empa tšilafalo ea moea ka tlung e ka ba le litlamorao tse kholo le tse kotsi tsa bophelo bo botle.Liphuputso tsa EPA tsa ho pepeseha ha batho linthong tse silafatsang tsa moea li bontša hore maemo a litšila a ka hare a ka ba makhetlo a mabeli ho isa ho a mahlano - 'me ka linako tse ling a feta makhetlo a 100 - a phahametse maemo a ka ntle. Karolo ea 90 lekholong ea nako ea bona ba le ka tlung.Bakeng sa tataiso ena, tlhaloso ea tsamaiso e ntle ea moea oa kahare (IAQ) e kenyelletsa:
- Taolo ea litšila tse tsamaisoang ke moea;
- Kenyelletso le kabo ea moea o lekaneng oa kantle;le
- Tlhokomelo ea mocheso o amohelehang le mongobo o lekanyelitsoeng
Mocheso le mongobo li ke ke tsa hlokomolohuoa, hobane ho tšoenyeha ka boiketlo ba mocheso ho baka litletlebo tse ngata mabapi le "boleng bo bobe ba moea."Ho feta moo, mocheso le mongobo ke tse ling tsa lintlha tse ngata tse amang maemo a litšila ka tlung.
Mehloli ea kantle e boetse e lokela ho nahanoa kaha moea o kantle o kena meahong ea sekolo ka lifensetere, mamati le lisebelisoa tsa moea.Ka hona, mesebetsi ea lipalangoang le ea ho lokisa mabala e fetoha lintlha tse amang maemo a litšila a ka tlung hammoho le boleng ba moea o kantle mabaleng a sekolo.
Hobaneng ha IAQ e le Bohlokoa?
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, liphuputso tse bapisang tsa kotsi tse entsoeng ke EPA's Science Advisory Board (SAB) li 'nile tsa beha tšilafalo ea moea ka tlung e le har'a likotsi tse hlano tse ka sehloohong tsa tikoloho bophelong ba sechaba.IAQ e ntle ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea tikoloho e phetseng hantle ea ka tlung, 'me e ka thusa likolo ho fihlela sepheo sa tsona sa mantlha sa ho ruta bana.
Ho hloleha ho thibela kapa ho arabela kapele ho mathata a IAQ ho ka eketsa litlamorao tsa bophelo bo botle ba nako e telele le e khuts'oane ho baithuti le basebetsi, joalo ka:
- Ho khohlela;
- Ho teneha ha mahlo;
- Hlooho ea hlooho;
- Allergic reactions;
- Ho mpefatsa asthma le/kapa mafu a mang a ho hema;le
- Maemong a sa tloaelehang, kenya letsoho maemong a behang bophelo kotsing joalo ka lefu la Legionnaire kapa chefo ea carbon monoxide.
Hoo e ka bang ngoana a le mong ho ba 13 ba lilemong tsa ho kena sekolo o na le asthma, e leng sesosa se ka sehloohong sa ho lofa sekolo ka lebaka la ho kula ho sa foleng.Ho na le bopaki bo bongata ba hore ho pepesehela tikoloho ea ka tlung ho li-allergen (joalo ka likokoanyana tsa lerōle, likokoanyana le hlobo) ho na le karolo ho hlahiseng matšoao a asthma.Li-allergen tsena li tloaelehile likolong.Hape ho na le bopaki ba hore ho pepesetsoa mosi oa diesel ho tsoa libese tsa sekolo le likoloi tse ling ho mpefatsa lefu la asma le ho kula.Mathata ana a ka:
- Tšusumetso ea ho ba teng ha baithuti, boiketlo, le ts'ebetso;
- Fokotsa tshebetso ya matichere le basebetsi;
- Ho potlakisa ho senyeha le ho fokotsa katleho ea polante le lisebelisoa tsa sekolo;
- Ho eketsa menyetla ea ho koaloa ha likolo kapa ho fallisoa ha batho ba lulang teng;
- Senya likamano lipakeng tsa botsamaisi ba sekolo, batsoali le basebetsi;
- Etsa phatlalatso e mpe;
- Tšusumetso ea ts'epo ea sechaba;le
- Etsa mathata a melato.
Mathata a moea a ka tlung a ka ba bobebe mme ha se kamehla a hlahisang litlamorao tse hlokomelehang habonolo bophelong, boiketlong kapa semela sa 'mele.Matšoao a kenyelletsa hlooho e opang, mokhathala, ho hema ka thata, tšubuhlellano ea sinus, ho khohlela, ho thimola, ho tsekela, ho nyekeloa ke pelo le ho teneha ha leihlo, nko, 'metso le letlalo.Matšoao a ka 'na a se ke a bakoa ke khaello ea boleng ba moea, empa a ka boela a bakoa ke lintlha tse ling, tse kang mabone a fokolang, khatello ea kelello, lerata le tse ling.Ka lebaka la maikutlo a fapaneng har'a ba kenang sekolo, mathata a IAQ a ka ama sehlopha sa batho kapa motho a le mong 'me a ka ama motho ka mong ka litsela tse fapaneng.
Batho ba ka bang kotsing ea litlamorao tsa litšila tsa moea ka tlung ba kenyelletsa, empa ha ba felle feela, batho ba nang le:
- Asma, allergy, kapa ho utloa bohloko ka lik'hemik'hale;
- Mafu a ho hema;
- Masole a ho itšireletsa mafung a hatelletsoeng (ka lebaka la radiation, chemotherapy, kapa lefu);le
- Lilense tsa ho kopana.
Lihlopha tse ling tsa batho li ka ba kotsing ea ho pepesehela lintho tse ling tse silafatsang kapa metsoako e silafatsang.Ka mohlala, batho ba nang le lefu la pelo ba ka 'na ba ameha hampe haholo ke ho pepesehela carbon monoxide ho feta batho ba phelang hantle.Batho ba pepesehetseng litekanyetso tse kholo tsa nitrogen dioxide le bona ba kotsing e kholo ea tšoaetso ea ho hema.
Ho feta moo, 'mele e ntseng e hola ea bana e ka ba kotsing ea ho pepeseha tikolohong ho feta ea batho ba baholo.Bana ba hema moea o mongata, ba ja lijo tse ngata le ho noa metsi a mangata ho latela boima ba ’mele ea bona ho feta batho ba baholo.Ka hona, boleng ba moea likolong ke ba bohlokoa haholo.Tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea moea oa ka tlung e feta taba ea "boleng";e akaretsa polokeho le boetapele ba matsete a hau ho baithuti, basebetsi le lits'ebeletso.
Ho fumana lintlha tse ling, bonaBoleng ba Moea o ka Hare.
Litšupiso
1. Wallace, Lance A., le ba bang.Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) Thuto: Ho pepeseha ha motho ka mong, likamano tsa kahare le kantle, le maemo a phefumoloho a metsoako ea lintho tse phelang e sa tsitsang New Jersey.Tikoloho.Int.1986,12, 369-387.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0160412086900516
E tsoa ho https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/why-indoor-air-quality-important-schools
Nako ea poso: Sep-15-2022